Electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive diagnostic procedure that records the brain’s electrical activity through electrodes placed on the scalp, allowing clinicians to monitor and evaluate brain function in real time. It is primarily used to detect abnormal electrical patterns associated with epilepsy and other seizure disorders, and also aids in diagnosing conditions such as sleep disorders, encephalopathy, and other neurological impairments. Painless and typically taking anywhere from 20 minutes to a few hours depending on the type of study, EEG provides essential diagnostic information that supports accurate clinical decision-making and effective patient care.